International Journal of Business and Social Development (IJBSD)

Digital Design Approach in Architectural Studio Project. Case Study: University of Malaya (UM)

2019-12-17T11:19:32+08:00

In the past, while little construction documents exists, it is known that drawing and physical models are used to illustrate the intended building to be build. As the progress of computer started to kick-in in the early 1980's, architects adopt Computer-Aided Design (CAD) to automate their orthographic drawings which was before expressed manually using T-squares and pencils. Currently, the practice of architectural curriculum in Malaysia outlined by the Board of Architect of Malaysia is to teach the architecture students to use manual drawing in their first year of study and continues with the use of CAD in the following years. In the current development of computer technology, Building Information Modelling (BIM) seems to be slowly replacing the use of CAD in architectural education and practice. This pose a question whether these advancement of computer does help the architecture students for their design studio project. The aim of this study is to investigate the perception and effect of the use of computer on the architecture students’ performance. The study looks upon the perception of academician in Malaysia’s Public Universities (PU) on the development of computer and investigates the effect of the use of computer as a design tools on the performance of architecture students. Based on a series of interviews with six head of department of architecture schools and one lecturer-architect, the study investigates these academicians’ perception towards the development of BIM to the architectural curriculum. Next, using a case study from the architecture school of University of Malaya, based on a survey, the study divides the students into three category of design tool used by the students to produce their design product – manual, computer, and hybrid. The study compares each design tools with each student’s design studio grade. The study also compares the cost effectiveness of the usage for each design tools. From the interviews, all HODs from the interviews agrees that the development of computer and BIM is beneficial and inevitable to the architectural curriculum in Malaysia. From the survey, hybrid design tool – mixed of computer and manual drawings, are the better design tool in terms of cost effectiveness and students grades.

The Water Quality Perspective in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) River: A Review

2019-12-17T11:31:50+08:00

Malaysia is a rich country in water resources through rivers, but majority the rivers are continuously increased in contamination. Current status of river water quality are no longer to be consume directly such as outdoor activities of swimming, fishing or recreational activities on the river, due to no longer healthy of water resources and the river water is contaminated which could cause dangerous diseases. At these circumstances, river water pollution is expected and detected caused by point- and non-point source contamination. The point source pollution is originated from central wastewater treatment, manufacturing, agricultural and industrial waste as well as animals farming activities. Meanwhile, the non-point source pollution is reported from agricultural activities and the mechanism of surface runoff. Therefore, based on the standards of the Water Quality Index (WQI) and the Interim National Water Quality Standard (INWQS) designed by DOE Malaysia, the water quality level of UTM River can be determine by examine on six basic water quality parameters, namely ammonia nitrogen, BOD, COD, suspended solid, pH, DO, and temperature. In conclusion, without proper monitoring, the level of river water quality are suspected to continuously decrease and sustainable development will be necessarily required to maintain the biological ecosystem in surrounding environment.

A Case Study of Applied Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Slope Failure

2019-12-17T11:21:10+08:00

Geographic Information Systems are increasingly popular and fast growing nowadays. GIS is a database system that controls the ability of spatial data as a set of reference data handling operations. Several approaches used to describe the Geographic Information System (GIS) are includes: Toolbox, Information System, and Science Approach. The GIS components can be data, technology, software, tools, and organization. Meanwhile, model-model in database are attribute data model (table model, hierarchy data model, network model, and relation data model), spatial data model (vector data model, raster data model) cartography model, terrain mapping model (DEM model, TIN model) and spageti model data. In conclusion, literature studies on GIS benefits in describe the various forms and methods in this study, whereby researchers have a clearer understanding of the ongoing study and research purposes.

Introductory on Conservation Participation, Willingness to Pay (WTP), Mangrove Forests, and Ecotourism: A Review

2019-12-17T11:21:55+08:00

Species of mangrove become endangered and unprotected in the modernization world. Therefore, from genre into specific literature review, which indicates majority researcher focus on mangroves and willingness to pay, are tends to agree and support on the conservation perspective in protecting the mangrove. Although there are various and different ideas on protecting the mangrove, the finding provide evident that most of studies see participation in conservation efforts as communication with an intention to enhance the local communities’ interaction with other stakeholders and conservation activities.

Organisational Citizenship Behaviour, Leader-Member Exchange, Psychological Empowerment and Workplace Spirituality: A Review

2019-12-17T11:22:50+08:00

The theory of organisational citizenship behaviour, leader-member exchange, psychological empowerment, and workplace spirituality have gained over last decade. However, the extensive conceptual and theoritically all of these variables still developing. Organisational citizenship behaviour was conceptualised as extra-role behaviour in organisation. While, leader-member exchange is focusing how the relationship between leader and subordinate will benefit to work environment. Furthermore, psychological empowerment will enhancing organisational citizenship behaviour by leader decentralising decision-making in an organisation to employees. Lastly, workplace spirituality will nourished the inner life of employees in the context of individual, group, and organisation.